Plant and Animal Classification Diagram
Plants
Thallophyta
Characteristics: Do not have differentiated plant parts.
Examples: Algae, fungi.
Bryophyta
Characteristics: Without specialised vascular tissue.
Examples: Mosses, liverworts.
Pteridophyta
Characteristics: With vascular tissue, do not produce seeds.
Examples: Ferns, horsetails.
Gymnosperms
Characteristics: Bear naked seeds.
Examples: Pine, spruce.
Angiosperms
Characteristics: Bear seeds inside fruits.
Dicots
Characteristics: Have seeds with two cotyledons.
Examples: Beans, roses.
Monocots
Characteristics: Have seeds with one cotyledon.
Examples: Corn, lilies.
Animalia
Cellular level of organisation
Characteristics: Simple, multicellular, no true tissues.
Examples: Sponges (Porifera).
Tissue level of organisation
Characteristics: Cells organized into tissues.
Examples: Cnidaria (Jellyfish, Corals), Platyhelminthes (Flatworms).
Porifera (Sponges)
Characteristics: Simple, multicellular, no true tissues.
Habitat: Mostly marine, some freshwater.
Reproduction: Both sexual and asexual.
Examples: Sponges.
Cnidaria (Jellyfish, Corals)
Characteristics: Radially symmetrical, stinging cells.
Habitat: Mostly marine.
Reproduction: Both sexual and asexual.
Examples: Jellyfish, corals, sea anemones.
Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)
Characteristics: Bilaterally symmetrical, flat bodies.
Habitat: Freshwater, marine, and parasitic.
Reproduction: Mostly hermaphroditic.
Examples: Tapeworms, planarians.
Nematoda (Roundworms)
Characteristics: Cylindrical, unsegmented, pseudocoelomate.
Habitat: Soil, water, and parasitic.
Reproduction: Sexual, separate sexes.
Examples: Ascaris, hookworms.
Annelida (Segmented Worms)
Characteristics: Segmented body, true coelom.
Habitat: Freshwater, marine, and terrestrial.
Reproduction: Sexual and asexual.
Examples: Earthworms, leeches.
Mollusca (Snails, Clams, Squids)
Characteristics: Soft-bodied, often with a hard shell.
Habitat: Marine, freshwater, and terrestrial.
Reproduction: Mostly sexual.
Examples: Snails, clams, squids, octopuses.
Arthropoda (Insects, Spiders, Crustaceans)
Characteristics: Segmented body, exoskeleton, jointed appendages.
Habitat: Ubiquitous (land, water, air).
Reproduction: Mostly sexual.
Examples: Insects, spiders, crabs, lobsters.
Echinodermata (Starfish, Sea Urchins)
Characteristics: Radial symmetry, water vascular system.
Habitat: Marine.
Reproduction: Mostly sexual, some asexual.
Examples: Starfish, sea urchins, sand dollars.
Chordata
Characteristics: Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits.
Vertebrata (Animals with backbones)
Cyclostomata (Jawless Fish)
Characteristics: Jawless, eel-like, circular mouth.
Habitat: Marine and freshwater.
Reproduction: Sexual, external fertilization.
Examples: Lampreys, hagfish.
Pisces (Fish)
Characteristics: Gills, scales, fins.
Habitat: Aquatic (freshwater and marine).
Reproduction: Mostly sexual, external fertilization.
Examples: Salmon, sharks, goldfish.
Amphibia (Amphibians)
Characteristics: Live in water and on land, moist skin.
Habitat: Near freshwater, some terrestrial.
Reproduction: Sexual, external fertilization.
Examples: Frogs, salamanders, newts.
Reptilia (Reptiles)
Characteristics: Scaly skin, cold-blooded, lay eggs.
Habitat: Terrestrial and some aquatic.
Reproduction: Sexual, internal fertilization.
Examples: Snakes, turtles, lizards.
Aves (Birds)
Characteristics: Feathers, lay eggs, flight.
Habitat: Ubiquitous (land, water, air).
Reproduction: Sexual, internal fertilization.
Examples: Eagles, penguins, sparrows.
Mammalia (Mammals)
Characteristics: Hair/fur, mammary glands, live birth.
Habitat: Ubiquitous (land, water, air).
Reproduction: Sexual, internal fertilization.
Examples: Humans, whales, elephants.
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